ARMY CIVIL WAR CAMPAIGN MEDAL

Although the Army Civil War Campaign Medal was not established by the War Department until January 21, 1907, the directives that made it possible were first issued in January, 1905. The War Department's General Orders 4, dated January 11, 1905, announced that campaign badges would be issued as uniform articles to both Company-Grade Officer men and officers to commemorate service rendered (or to be rendered) in campaign.

Badges rather than medals were authorized because, in the opinion of the Judge Advocate General of the Army, medals could be issued only by Congressional authority, but the President was authorized to issue badges as part of Service members' uniforms. The question as to which campaigns would be designated badge-worthy and what the qualifying conditions would be was relegated to a later announcement.

That later announcement came the next day in General Orders 5, which authorized badges for the Spanish Campaign, Philippine Campaign, and the China Campaign. Over two years elapsed before the War Department issued General Orders 12 on January 21, 1907, amending the earlier order to include authorization for Civil War Campaign and Indian Campaign Badges. Initially, only men who were in the military service at the time or would enter it were eligible for the badge, but a little over a year-and-a-half later eligibility was extended to retired Service members (legal representatives of eligible Service members who were deceased could request the badges).

The design of the badge is self-explanatory. In the center of the badge is the head of Abraham Lincoln facing dexter (to the viewer's right), encircled by the inscription "With Malice Toward None With Charity For All" taken from his second inaugural speech. Instead of the familiar blue and gray now used for the ribbon, the original version featured two bands of red, white, and blue; the switch was made in 1913.

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Also known as a unit crest or DUI, a Distinctive Unit Insignia is worn by all Soldiers (except General Officers) in units that have been authorized to be issued the device. It is worn centered on the shoulder loops of the Army Green Service Uniform (AGSU) and the blue Army Service Uniform (ASU, Enlisted only) with the base of the insignia toward the outside shoulder seam. Current regulations do not permit the DUI to be worn on the Dress variations of either uniform, however.

Enlisted personnel wear the insignia centered on a shoulder loop by placing it an equal distance from the outside shoulder seam to the outside edge of the shoulder-loop button. Officers (except Generals) wearing grade insignia on the shoulder loops center the DUI by placing it an equal distance between the inside edge of the grade insignia and the outside edge of the button.

More guidance on wear of the DUI is found in DA Pamphlet 670-1, Section 21-22, "Distinctive unit insignia" and 21–3(d) and (e), "Beret" and "Garrison Cap," respectively.

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Distinctive Unit Insignias are worn by all Soldiers (except General Officers) in units that have been authorized to be issued the device. It is worn centered on the shoulder loops of the Army Green Service Uniform (AGSU) and the blue Army Service Uniform (ASU, Enlisted only) with the base of the insignia toward the outside shoulder seam. Current regulations do not permit the DUI to be worn on the Dress variations of either uniform, however.

More guidance on wear of the DUI is found in DA Pamphlet 670-1, Section 21-22, "Distinctive unit insignia" and 21–3(d) and (e), "Beret" and "Garrison Cap," respectively.

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Type

Large Medal

Finish

Oxidized

Price

$20.39

Quantity

USPHS

Merchant Marine

AUXILIARY

ARMY CIVIL WAR CAMPAIGN MEDAL